Ensure that the valve can withstand pressure, temperature and mechanical loads throughout its life cycle to avoid the risk of failure.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Core technology scope
EN 12516-1
Valve housing strength calculation
Wall thickness formula, stress verification method (based on PED directive)
EN 12516-2
Flange end valve structure length
PN series and Class series size comparison table, flange sealing surface roughness requirements (Ra 3.2μm)
EN 12516-3
Wafer valve structure length
Thin-profile design specifications for butterfly valves/check valves
EN 12516-4
Threaded/welding end valves
NPT thread and ISO 7-1 thread compatibility rules, welding groove type (V type/U type) and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT)
EN 1291
Non-destructive testing (NDT) acceptance criteria
Defect acceptance limits (RT/UT/MT), inspection process and judgment rules for castings/welds
Industry impact: EU PED Directive (2014/68/EU) requires compliance with EN 12516 series
EN 12516-1 “Valve Shell Strength Calculation”
Core technology areas:
Wall thickness calculation formula:
Based on the elastic stress analysis of Lamé’s formula, the minimum wall thickness is derived:
P: Design pressure (bar)
D: Valve body inner diameter (mm)
S: Allowable material stress (N/mm², refer to EN 10213/EN 10222)
C: Corrosion allowance (≥1.5mm, chemical media needs to be increased to 3mm)
Compared with ASME B16.34: The EN standard has stricter requirements on the stress concentration factor of welded valve bodies (limited to less than 1.2 times).
Verification method:
Finite Element Analysis (FEA): The Plastic Collapse Criteria of EN 13445-3 must be met.
Burst pressure test: Measured burst pressure ≥ 4 times the design pressure (applicable to Class 900 and above high pressure valves).
LNG storage and transportation: cryogenic stop valve (-196℃, material ASTM A351 CF8M, S correction factor × 0.7).
FAQ:
Q: How to deal with the difference in wall thickness between EN 12516-1 and ASME B16.34? A: ASME valves exported to the EU need to recalculate the wall thickness, usually need to be thickened by 10%~15%.
EN 12516-2 “Structural length of flange-end valves”
Core technology areas:
Dimension series definition:
압력 수준
PN10
PN16
PN25
PN40
PN63
Structure length
108mm
117mm
152mm
189mm
216mm
(Take DN50 gate valve as an example, the error allowed is ±1.5mm)
Compatibility rules:
American standard to European standard: Class 150 flange corresponds to PN20, but the bolt hole spacing needs to be adjusted according to EN 1092-1.
Sealing surface matching: The Ra 3.2μm roughness requirement of EN flange is incompatible with the Ra 6.3μm of ASME B16.5 and needs to be reprocessed.
Design traps:
Wrong matching example: A manufacturer forcibly installed a Class 300 valve body (structural length 241mm) into a PN40 pipe (structural length 189mm), causing the flange bolts to be misaligned.
EN 12516-3 “Structural length of wafer-type valves “
(Compared with flange butterfly valve, it is shortened by more than 40%)
Bolt preload calculation:
formula:
σy: Bolt yield strength (e.g. 640N/mm² for 8.8 grade bolts)
As: Bolt stress cross-sectional area
n: safety factor (≥1.5)
Industry Applications:
Space-constrained scenarios: ship engine room pipelines, modular chemical plants.
Failure case: Due to insufficient bolt pre-tightening force, a marine wafer butterfly valve loosened in a vibrating environment, resulting in medium leakage.
EN 12516-4 “Threaded/welded end valves”
Core technology areas:
Thread Compatibility:
Thread Standard
EN 10226 (ISO 7-1)
ASME B1.20.1 (NPT)
Sealing method
Conical thread + sealing tape
Tapered thread metal contact seal
Applicable pressure
≤PN40
≤Class 300
Welding end design:
Groove type: V-groove (EN ISO 9692-1) is suitable for wall thickness ≤ 20mm, U-groove is used for thick-walled valves.
Residual stress control: Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is required to relieve stress (EN 12952 standard).
Typical questions:
Q: Can NPT threaded valves be used directly on EN pipes? A: A conversion connector (EN 10226 thread to NPT) is required, otherwise leakage may occur due to the difference in thread pitch.
EN 1291 “Non-destructive testing (NDT) acceptance criteria”
Casting inspection:
Radiographic testing (RT): According to EN 12681-2, the diameter of the pores is ≤ 2 mm and no more than 5 per 100 cm².
Magnetic particle testing (MT): Crack length ≤ 5mm, linear defects are not allowed.
Weld inspection:
Ultrasonic testing (UT): According to EN ISO 11666, the defect echo height is ≤ 20% DAC curve.
Compliance costs: NDT testing accounts for 8% to 12% of valve manufacturing costs.
Technical comparison: EN vs. ASME/API standard system
Dimensions
EN Standards
ASME Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Design Benchmarks
– EN 12516-1: Based on PED Directive ESR (safety factor 1.5~2.5)
– Emphasis on plastic collapse criteria (FEA verification)
– ASME Boiler Code (safety factor 1.5~3.0)
– Based on elastic failure theory
EN is more conservative: PED requires a higher safety factor and mandatory FEA analysis.
압력 등급
PN Series (PN10~PN400)
Class Series (150~2500)
Conversion conflict: Class 150 ≈ PN20, but flange dimensions are incompatible (EN 1092-1 vs. ASME B16.5).
Structural design specifications
– EN 12516-1: Calculation of wall thickness (Lamé formula + corrosion allowance)
– EN 12516-2/3/4: Flange/wafer/weld end length
– ASME B16.34: Wall thickness formula based on Barlow theory
– Structural length is defined as per API 6D
EN is more stringent: The stress concentration factor of the weld end is limited to ≤1.2 (ASME allows ≤1.5).
Material Certification
– EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certificate (third party testing)
– Materials must meet EN 10213/EN 10222
– ASME II material specifications (steel mill self-inspection)
– Materials must meet SA/GB standards
EN is more stringent: third-party material certification is mandatory, while ASME relies on the steel mill’s warranty.
– EN 12516-1: Finite element analysis (plastic collapse)
– API 598: Soap bubble method/measuring cup method
– ASME B16.34: Hydrostatic test
EN has higher accuracy: Helium detection sensitivity reaches 10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s, while the ASME method only reaches 10⁻² level.
The EN standard has stricter limits on defect density (ASME B16.34 allows a single pore diameter of ≤3mm).
EN requires that the test report must comply with the EN 10204 3.1 certificate format (ASME has no mandatory format requirements).
Performance testing and leakage control
Verify the sealing, durability and safety performance of valves under extreme working conditions to ensure compliance with environmental protection requirements such as PED Directive (2014/68/EU) and TA-Luft (Air Pollution Control Standard).
Standard No.
Standard Name
Test level definition
EN 12266-1
Industrial valve pressure testing
Level A (visual detection) to Level T (helium mass spectrometry detection)
EN 12266-2
Testing Procedure Supplementary Requirements
Including low temperature test (-196℃), particle medium test method
EN 13646
Solenoid valve performance test
Response time ≤5ms, 1 million times life verification
EN 15714-3
Electric actuator testing
Overload protection (1.5 times torque), emergency shutdown time ≤ 3s, IP67 waterproof grade
EN 15714-4
Actuator Cycle Test
At least 10,000 opening and closing times without failure
Key Specifications: EN 12266-1 T-level leakage rate ≤ 10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s (equivalent to ISO 15848 AH level)
EN 12266-1 “Industrial valve pressure test”
Core technology areas:
1.Test classification and leakage rate limit:
Grade
Detection Methods
Allowable leakage rate (water pressure test)
Applicable scenarios
A
Visual inspection
No visible leakage
Conventional low pressure valve (PN10~PN16)
B
Paper towel absorption method
≤0.1×DN (ml/min)
Chemical medium pressure valve (PN25~PN40)
C
Measuring cup collection method
≤0.01×DN (ml/min)
High pressure valve (PN63~PN100)
D
Helium mass spectrometer detection
≤10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s
Nuclear power, LNG ultra-high pressure valves
2.Test pressure and holding time:
Shell strength test: 1.5× design pressure (normal temperature), pressure maintenance ≥ 2 minutes (check for permanent deformation or cracks).
Seal test: 1.1× design pressure (including high temperature/low temperature conditions), maintain pressure ≥ 1 minute (to verify sealing surface leakage).
Industry Applications:
Nuclear power valves: The main steam isolation valve must pass the D-level helium test (leakage rate ≤ 1×10⁻⁷ mbar·l/s).
LNG cryogenic valve: Sealing test after immersion in -196℃ liquid nitrogen (material shrinkage must be ≤0.2%).
Common Misunderstandings:
Error: Equating the API 598 leak rate to the EN standard (API allows a higher leak rate).
Correction: EN 12266-1 Class D ≈ ISO 15848 Class AH, but EN requires a wider test temperature range (-50~300℃).
EN 12266-2 “Supplementary Test Procedure”
Special test requirements:
Low temperature test:
Liquid nitrogen immersion method: The valve is frozen at -196℃ for 24 hours and then opened and closed to verify the material brittleness and sealing performance.
Low temperature leak rate correction: The leak rate limit needs to be multiplied by the temperature correction factor (e.g. × 1.2 at -50°C).
High temperature test:
High temperature creep test: The valve is continuously pressurized at 300℃ for 48 hours, and the creep amount of the sealing surface is checked (needed to be ≤0.05mm).
Cycle life test:
Opening and closing times requirements:
밸브 유형
Minimum number of cycles
Leakage rate allowable relaxation value
Stop valve
5000 times
≤1.5×original limit
볼 밸브
10000 times
≤2.0×original limit
EN 13646 《Electric Actuator Test》
Core test items and technical requirements
Response time: The opening and closing speed of the solenoid valve directly affects the system control accuracy. Standard requirements:
Opening time ≤5ms (from power on to valve core fully open)
Closing time ≤8ms (from power off to valve core fully closed) Test method: Use a high-speed oscilloscope to capture the current signal and valve core displacement curve, and eliminate signal delay interference (such as cable resistance).
Overload protection test: The actuator shall not be damaged when running at 1.5 times the rated torque for 10 minutes.
Emergency shutdown time: The time from signal triggering to fully closed position is ≤3 seconds (nuclear power valves require ≤1 second).
Sealing verification: The protection level of the actuator housing is ≥IP67 (no leakage after immersion in water at 1 meter for 30 minutes).
EN 15714-4 ” Actuator Cyclic Test “
Testing Process and Acceptance Criteria
Pre-test calibration: Run the actuator without load for 10 times and record the reference parameters (such as opening and closing time, torque curve) to ensure that the initial state of the actuator is consistent.
Load cycle test:
Load Type
Testing requirements
Acceptance indicators
Simulating actual load
25%~100% rated torque dynamic change
After 10,000 times, the leakage rate is ≤ 2 times the initial value
Limit load
1.5 times rated torque continuous operation 50 times
Gear wear depth ≤ 0.1mm, no plastic deformation
Industry application: During the test, the leakage rate of the actuator of a control valve in a chemical plant exceeded the standard due to the aging of the sealing ring. Solution: Use fluororubber sealing ring (corrosion resistance increased by 3 times)
Environmental Testing and Failure Analysis
High and low temperature cycle test:
Condition
매개변수
Allowable performance deviation
High temperature
Run 500 times at +85℃
Leakage rate ≤ 3 times the initial value
Low temperature
Run 500 times at -40℃
The seal has no cracks, and the opening and closing force fluctuation is ≤20%
Typical problem: Grease solidifies at low temperatures, causing the gear to get stuck. Improvement plan: Use fully synthetic low-temperature grease (applicable to -60℃~+150℃).
ISO 15848-1 “Valve Low Leakage Test” (Synergy)
Level division:
Grade
Allowable leakage rate (ml/min)
적용 가능한 미디어
AH Class
≤10⁻⁶
Hydrogen, methane
BH Class
≤10⁻⁴
Steam, Nitrogen
CH Level
≤10⁻²
Water, non-hazardous liquids
Compared with EN standards:
Differences in test conditions: ISO 15848 requires simulation of dynamic conditions (testing during valve opening and closing), while EN 12266-1 is only a static test.
Certification priority: Hydrogen valves exported to Europe must meet both EN 12266-1 (Class D) and ISO 15848 (Class AH).
TA-Luft (Air Pollution Control Standard)
(Cooperative and parallel mandatory relationship)
Leakage limit requirements:
VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) Valves: Leakage rate ≤ 500ppm (10 times stricter than EN 12266-1).
Detection method:
Infrared imaging method: detect trace gas leaks (sensitivity up to 1ppm).
Soap bubble method: For preliminary screening only (not suitable for quantitative analysis).
Compliance design points:
Double sealing structure: such as bellows + graphite packing (leakage rate ≤50ppm).
Material selection: The sealing surface needs to be made of tungsten carbide or ceramic (to avoid high temperature decomposition of polymer materials).
Technical comparison: EN vs. ASME/API standard basic design
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/API Standards
Key differences and impact of new standards
Leak rate classification
– EN 12266-1 (Grade A/B/C/D)
– ISO 15848-1 (Class AH/BH/CH)
– TA-Luft (≤500ppm VOC)
API 598 (Grade I to IV)
New TA-Luft : 10 times stricter than EN 12266-1, requires infrared imaging testing.
ISO 15848: Dynamic leakage rate classification (Class AH ≈ EN Class D).
Repair welding limit: The same area can be repaired ≤ 2 times, and UT testing must be carried out according to EN 1291.
Industry Applications:
Water system valves: GP240GH is used for butterfly valve housings in water plants.
Main steam valve of thermal power station: G17CrMo5-5 has a temperature resistance of up to 540℃ and excellent creep resistance.
FAQ:
Defect handling: Castings with pore diameters greater than 2mm must be scrapped and grinding and filling are not allowed.
EN 10222 “Pressure Forgings “
Core technology areas:
Forging Grade:
Grade
Testing requirements
Applicable pressure level
Class 1
No NDT
PN10~PN25
Class 3
100% UT+RT
PN40~PN100
Class 4
Additional impact test
PN160~PN400
Heat treatment specifications:
Normalizing + tempering (applicable to C-Mn steel, hardness ≤ 250HB).
Quenching + tempering (applicable to alloy steel, hardness ≤300HB).
Application scenarios:
Ultra-High Pressure Valves: Class 4 forgings are used for PN400 hydrogenation reactor valve bodies.
Low temperature impact requirements: Impact energy ≥ 40J at -46℃ (mandatory requirement for LNG valves).
EN 10088 “General Technical Requirements for Stainless Steels”
Core technology areas:
Corrosion resistance classification:
Brand
PREN value (pitting resistance equivalent)
적용 가능한 미디어
1.4401 (316)
≥35
Weak acid, seawater (Cl⁻≤200ppm)
1.4539 (904L)
≥45
Strong acid, Cl⁻ containing medium
Surface treatment:
Electrolytic polishing (Ra≤0.8μm, for food grade valves).
Pickling and passivation (remove oxide layer and improve corrosion resistance).
Failure case:
The 316L ball valve in a chemical plant suffered from Cl⁻ stress corrosion cracking, which was solved after it was replaced with 1.4529 (super duplex steel).
EN 10204《Material Certification Types》
Core Requirements:
Certificate Level：
Certificate Type
Testing Party
Applicable scenarios
3.1
Steel Plant Self-Inspection
Conventional industrial valves
3.2
Third-party laboratory
Nuclear power, PED Category III/IV valves
File Contents:
Chemical composition, mechanical properties, NDT report (only required for 3.2 certificate).
Compliance cost: The price of 3.2 certificate materials is 15%~30% higher than 3.1.
Technical comparison: EN vs. ASME material systems
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME Standards
Differential Impact
Material Certification
EN 10204 3.1/3.2 (Third Party Mandatory)
ASME II (Steel Plant Self-Inspection)
EN materials are more expensive, but the data reliability is strong (a must for nuclear power).
Stainless Steel Corrosion Resistance
PREN values clearly classified (EN 10088)
UNS numbers (such as S31600) have no PREN value definition
EN is easier to select materials and directly matches the corrosiveness of the medium.
Forging Inspection
EN 10222 Class 3/4 (100% UT/RT)
ASME SA-105 (hardness test only)
EN forgings have a lower defect rate, but the production cycle is extended by 20%~30%.
Restrictions on welding repair
EN 10213 welding repair ≤ 2 times, and UT verification is required
ASME B16.34 allows grinding repair (unlimited number of times)
EN is more stringent, but reduces the risk of stress concentration due to weld repairs.
Connection and interface standardization
Ensure compatibility and interchangeability between valves, pipelines and actuators, and reduce engineering adaptation costs
Standard No.
Standard Name
Interface technology definition
EN 1092-1
Steel flange (PN series)
PN6~PN400 flange dimensions and sealing surface processing requirements
EN 1759-1
Steel flange (Class series)
Class 150~2500 American standard flange to European standard conversion rules
EN ISO 5211
Actuator interface
Torque transmission capacity classification of F03~F14 flanges
EN 558
Valve end structure
Flange/thread/clamp end chamfer and surface treatment standards
Compatibility: EN 1092-1 flanges can be used with ASME B16.5 Class 150 flanges.
EN 1092-1 Flanges and their joints
Core technology areas:
Flange type and sealing surface:
Flange Type
Sealing surface type
Applicable pressure level
Typical application scenarios
Plate flange (PL)
Raised Face (RF)
PN10~PN40
Water treatment, HVAC pipeline
Butt welding flange (WN)
Ring Joint (RJ)
PN63~PN400
Petrochemical, LNG high-pressure pipelines
Loose flange (LJ)
Flat Face (FF)
PN6~PN16
Corrosive media (pickling pipeline)
Pressure level comparison:
EN flange (PN)
Similar to ASME Class
Bolt hole center distance error
PN16
Class 150
±1.0mm
PN40
Class 300
±1.5mm
PN100
Class 600
±2.0mm
Material Group:
Group 1: Carbon steel (C22.8)
Group 2: Stainless steel (1.4401)
Group 3: Nickel-based alloys (Inconel 625)
FAQ:
Mismatch: Forcing a Class 150 flange (ASME B16.5) onto a PN16 pipe (EN 1092-1) results in misaligned bolt holes.
Solution: Use conversion flange (designed in accordance with EN 1759-1 and ASME B16.47).
EN 1759-1 “American Series Flanges”
Special positioning:
Standard properties: Compatible with American flanges (Class 150~2500) in EN standards, but with stricter dimensional tolerances.
Key Differences:
매개변수
EN 1759-1
ASME B16.5
Flange thickness
+0.5mm~-0.3mm
±1.0mm
Bolt hole diameter
Exactly matching bolt size
Allow +0.5mm margin
Application scenarios:
Transnational projects: When European equipment (EN 1092-1) is connected to American pipes (ASME B16.5), EN 1759-1 flange transition is used.
EN ISO 5211 “Valve drive installation interface”
Core Specifications:
Drive interface size:
Interface code
Square drive head dimensions (mm)
Maximum torque (Nm)
Applicable actuator type
F03
15×15
50
Small Pneumatic Actuators
10
50×50
1000
Electric actuator (DN200 valve)
F16
100×100
5000
Hydraulic actuator (DN600 and above)
Mounting tolerance:
The coaxiality error of the drive shaft is ≤0.1mm/m.
Flange surface parallelism error ≤ 0.05mm.
Failure case:
Insufficient torque: The DN300 ball valve (requires 2000Nm) is equipped with an F10 interface (maximum 1000Nm), resulting in overload and damage to the actuator.
Improvement plan: Upgrade to F14 interface (torque capacity 3000Nm).
EN 558 “Valve end face and structural length “
Core Specifications:
Structural length series:
Series
Applicable valve type
일반적인 적용 사례
Series 1
General industrial valves
Chemical industry, water treatment
Series 4
Short valve
Space-constrained scenarios (ship engine room)
Series 14
Long valve
High temperature and high pressure (main steam valve of thermal power station)
Chamfer angle: 30°±2° (to prevent scratches on the sealing surface during installation).
Industry Applications:
LNG cryogenic valves: Series 4 shortens the structure length and reduces the loss of cooling capacity.
Hydrogenation valve: Series 14 has a longer structure and reduces thermal stress concentration.
Technology comparison: EN vs. ASME/ISO connection standards
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/ISO Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Flange Type
EN 1092-1 (PN series) + EN 1759-1 (Class series)
ASME B16.5/B16.47 (Class)
EN flange thickness tolerance is tighter (±0.3mm vs. ±1.0mm), but the procurement cost is 15%~20% higher.
Sealing surface roughness
Ra≤3.2μm (EN 1092-1)
Ra≤6.3μm (ASME B16.5)
EN has better sealing performance, but requires special processing equipment (such as mirror lathe).
Driver Interface
EN ISO 5211 (F series interface)
ISO 5211 (equivalent)
Fully compatible, no difference.
Structure length
EN 558 (Series 1/4/14)
ASME B16.10 (Regular/Short Type)
EN Series 4 is 5%~10% shorter than ASME short valves and is more suitable for compact spaces.
Safety and explosion-proof certification
Ensure the safe operation of valves in hazardous environments such as flammable, explosive, and high pressure, in compliance with EU directives (such as ATEX 2014/34/EU) and mechanical safety requirements.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Safety technical requirements
EN 1349
Industrial Process Control Valve Safety
SIL2/SIL3 Functional Safety Certification Process
EN 1703
Valve explosion proof certification (ATEX)
Structural gap control for Zone 1/21 explosive environments (≤0.2mm)
EN 15001
Gas valve safety regulations
Gas leakage rate ≤0.25ml/min (methane detection method)
EN 14382
Safety relief valve
Dynamic test method for overpressure response time ≤ 50ms
Certification association: ATEX 2014/34/EU directive mandatory reference EN 1703 standard
EN 1349 “Safety Requirements for Industrial Process Control Valves”
Core technology areas:
Safety Function Verification:
기능
테스트 방법
Eligibility criteria
Travel limit protection
Overtravel 10% Repeat 50 times
No mechanical damage, signal deviation ≤±1%
Leakage rate (failure mode)
Test after forced closure (1.1× design pressure)
≤0.1×DN (ml/min)
Vibration test:
Grade
Frequency range (Hz)
Acceleration (m/s²)
Duration (hours)
A급
10~150
20
24
클래스 B
10~500
50
12
Applicable scenarios: chemical regulating valve, natural gas pressure regulating valve.
EN 1703 “Non-metallic material valve explosion-proof certification”
Application scenarios: LNG tank pressure relief valve, reactor safety valve.
EN 13611 “Safety Requirements for Gas Valves”
Gas leakage rate: ≤0.01 ml/min (methane medium, helium detection).
Durability: Leakage rate ≤ 0.05 ml/min after 20,000 opening and closing cycles.
Technology Comparison: PEN vs. ASME/ISO Safety and Explosion-Proof Certifications
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/ISO Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Explosion-proof grade certification
EN 15001(II 2G Ex d)
ISO/IEC 60079-1 (Ex d)
Certification interoperability: EN 15001 and ISO 60079-1 are technically equivalent, but EN requires certification from the EU NB agency, and ISO requires IECEx certification.
Non-metallic flame retardant
EN 1703(oxygen index ≥95%)
ISO 4589-2 (Oxygen Index Classification)
Standard coordination: EN 1703 directly references the ISO 4589-2 test method, but EN additionally requires electrostatic protection (surface resistance ≤ 1×10⁶Ω).
Accuracy difference: The EN standard has stricter control on pressure, but ASME allows a larger deviation (suitable for low-cost industrial scenarios).
Functional coverage: EN 1349 mandates overtravel protection, while ANSI/ISA 75.08 only recommends it, resulting in EN valves being more reliable but costing +20%.
Gas Valve Safety
EN 13611 (leakage rate ≤ 0.01ml/min)
ISO 23553-1（leakage rate ≤ 0.1ml/min）
Leakage limit: EN is 10 times stricter than ISO, but requires helium detection equipment (cost +15%).
Industry-specific valve standards
Special valve technical specifications are formulated for oil and gas, gas, water treatment, industrial automation and other scenarios to ensure adaptability and safety.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Industry customization requirements
EN 1984
General requirements for industrial valves
Basic specifications for chemical/electricity industries
EN 1171
Cast Iron Industrial Valves
Water Treatment/Heating System Valve Selection Guide
EN 161
Gas self-closing valve
0.5mbar pressure differential trigger mechanism for civil gas shut-off valve
EN 15714
Hydraulic Actuator
Synchronous accuracy of hydraulic cylinders for ships and engineering machinery: ±0.1mm
Typical application: EN 161 valves for EU domestic gas systems (CE certification required)
EN 1984 “Safety Requirements for Industrial Valves”
Core technology areas:
Safety function test:
기능
테스트 방법
Eligibility criteria
Emergency shut-off response time
Signal trigger to fully closed time
≤2 seconds (repeat 50 times, deviation ≤±5%)
Fire test
Flame exposure (1100℃, 30 minutes)
Leakage rate ≤0.1×DN (ml/min)
Material requirements:
Valve body material: Carbon steel (1.0460) or stainless steel (1.4401), certified to ISO 10474 3.1.
Sealing material: graphite or metal spiral wound gasket (temperature resistance ≥500℃).
Industry Applications: High temperature ball valves in refineries, emergency shut-off valves for oil and gas pipelines.
EN 1171 “Design and testing of cast iron valves”
Core Specifications:
Cast iron grades and corrosion resistance:
Brand
Tensile strength (MPa)
Applicable medium (pH range)
EN-JL1040
≥400
5~9 (neutral water quality)
EN-JL2040
≥400 (Ni-Resist)
2~12 (corrosive media)
Test requirements:
Shell test: Maintain pressure at 2 times PN for 5 minutes (no leakage).
Durability: Torque increase ≤20% after 10,000 opening and closing cycles.
Application scenarios: Municipal water treatment butterfly valve, chemical acid-resistant gate valve.
EN 161 “Automatic closing function of gas valves”
Key Requirements:
Shutdown conditions:
Trigger signal
Response time
Leakage rate (after closing)
Pressure exceeds limit (1.5×PN)
≤1 second
≤0.01 ml/min (methane)
Temperature exceeds limit (150°C)
≤3초
≤0.05 ml/min
Material flame retardancy:
The oxygen index of the valve body material is ≥28% (ISO 4589-2).
Protection level of electrical components ≥ IP67 (EN 60529).
Typical applications: safety valves for natural gas pressure regulating stations, front valves for household gas meters.
EN 15714 “Actuator Test Standard”
Core content:
Test items:
Project
Test conditions
Acceptance Criteria
Overload protection
1.5× rated torque 10 times continuously
No structural deformation, current fluctuation ≤±10%
Waterproof
Soak in 1 meter water for 30 minutes
Internal humidity ≤85%
Low temperature starting torque
Tested at -40℃
Starting torque ≤ 150% of normal temperature value
Industry applications: Chemical control valve electric actuator, hydropower station hydraulic drive device.
Technology comparison: EN vs. ASME/ISO industry standards
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/ISO Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Gas Safety Valve
EN 161 (closing time ≤ 1 second, leakage ≤ 0.01ml/min)
ISO 23553-1 (closing time ≤ 3 seconds, leakage ≤ 0.1ml/min)
EN has faster response and tighter leakage control, but the actuator cost is increased by 20%.
EN is suitable for highly corrosive scenarios, and the material cost is increased by 30%.
Executive Agency
EN 15714 (mandatory IP67 waterproof)
ASME B16.34 (no mandatory requirement for waterproofing)
EN is suitable for marine/humid environments and requires sealing process upgrade (cost +15%).
Industrial Valve Safety
EN 1984 (fire protection for 30 minutes, leakage ≤ 0.1×DN)
API 607 (fire protection for 15 minutes, leakage ≤ 0.5 × DN)
EN has stronger fire resistance, but requires a double-layer sealing structure (cost +25%).
Sanitation and drinking water standards
Ensure that the valve material is safe and non-toxic, the surface is clean, prevent the growth of microorganisms, and meet the strict regulations of drinking water hygiene and food industry
It covers complex working conditions such as extreme low temperature, corrosive and toxic media, ensuring the reliability of valve materials, seals and structural designs.
After 720 hours of immersion, the volume expansion is ≤5%
PFA
-200~260
Hydrofluoric acid (40%), nitric acid (65%)
Osmotic pressure test (1.5×PN)
Industry Applications: Diaphragm valves for chlor-alkali industry, high purity acid valves for semiconductor industry.
Technical comparison: EN vs. ASME/API standards
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/API Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Cryogenic Material Toughness
EN 1626 (Forced impact energy ≥ 40J, -196℃)
ASME B31.3(impact energy ≥ 27J, -196℃)
EN materials are more resistant to low-temperature brittleness, but the cost is 10%~15% higher.
Operational force test
EN 12570 (mandatory manual operating force ≤ 350N)
API 6D (no mandatory limit, only recommended value)
EN ensures the safety of manual operations, and API relies on experience-based design.
Lined Valves
EN 14432 (Mandatory penetration test + expansion rate limit)
API 598 (leak test only)
EN is more stringent, but the lining process costs 20% more.
Low temperature seal
EN 14636 (torque increase ≤ 200%)
MSS SP-134 (no low temperature torque test standard)
EN provides quantitative indicators to reduce the risk of low-temperature seizure.
Quality and traceability system
Establish a full-process quality control and traceability mechanism from raw materials to finished products to ensure that valve manufacturing complies with design specifications and regulatory requirements.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Quality management requirements
EN 10204
Material traceability
3.1/3.2 Correspondence between certificate and PED certification
EN 10228
Nondestructive testing specifications
RT testing of castings (EN 12681), UT testing of welds (EN ISO 17640)
EN 10246
Steel pipe matching standards
Seamless steel pipe tolerance and valve flow channel matching rules
EN 10217
Welding procedure qualification
Covers TIG/MIG/submerged arc welding and other process certifications
Digital upgrade: EN 10204-3.3 supports blockchain material traceability (new in the 2023 version)
EN 10204《Types of Material Certification》
Core content:
Certificate classification and scope of application:
Certificate Type
Testing Party
Scope of application
3.1
Steel Plant Self-Inspection
Conventional industrial valves (PN10~PN40)
3.2
Independent third-party laboratory
Nuclear power, PED Category III/IV valves
Document requirements:
Chemical composition, mechanical properties, NDT report (only required for 3.2 certificate).
Industry Applications: Nuclear power main steam valve (EN 10204 3.2 mandatory), municipal water valve (3.1 certificate).
EN 10228 “Non-destructive testing of forgings”
Core testing requirements:
Test methods and standards:
Detection Methods
Applicable defect types
Acceptance Criteria
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Internal cracks, inclusions
Defect echo ≤20% DAC curve
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
Surface cracks
Crack length ≤5mm, linear defects prohibited
Detection coverage:
Nuclear power forgings: 100% UT+MT.
Conventional forgings: UT spot check ≥ 20%.
EN 10246 “Non-destructive testing of steel tubes”
Key Specifications:
Detection type and parameters:
Detection Methods
Applicable steel pipe type
Detection sensitivity
Eddy Current Testing (ET)
Austenitic stainless steel pipe
Defect depth ≥ 0.5mm
Radiographic Testing (RT)
Carbon Steel Welded Pipe
Pore diameter ≤2mm, ≤3 per meter
Application scenarios: high-pressure boiler tubes, chemical corrosion-resistant pipelines.
EN 10217 “Technical conditions for welded steel pipes”
EN welding quality is more stable, while ASME is more flexible but depends on the welder’s skills.
Traceability
Full batch traceability (EN 10204 3.2)
Traceability by furnace number (ASME material)
EN traceability is more granular, but document management costs are 20% higher.
Actuators and Automation
Ensure the compatibility, reliability and automation control accuracy of actuators (pneumatic, electric, hydraulic) and valves to meet the needs of efficient regulation of industrial processes.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Control technology requirements
EN ISO 5211
Driver interface
F10 flange maximum torque 1200Nm
EN 15714-1
공압 액추에이터
Linearity error at 0.5~7bar gas source pressure ≤±1.5%
EN 15714-2
Electric actuator
IP68 protection, EEx d explosion-proof certification integrated solution
EN 60534
Control valve flow characteristics
Mathematical verification model of equal percentage/linear characteristic curve
No structural deformation, current fluctuation ≤±10%
Waterproof performance
IP67 protection (1 meter underwater, 30 minutes)
Internal humidity ≤85%
EMC anti-interference
Operate under 10V/m RF interference
Position feedback error ≤±1%
Industry application: nuclear power main steam valve, petrochemical regulating valve.
EN 60534 “Industrial Process Control Valves”
Key content:
Flow characteristics verification:
Flow characteristics
Applicable scenarios
Permissible deviation
Equal percentage
High-precision regulation (chemical industry)
Flow coefficient (Cv) ±5%
Quick opening type
Switch control (water treatment)
Stroke-flow curve ±8%
Step response test:
Input signal changes
Response time
Overshoot
0~100%
≤3 seconds (regulating valve)
≤5% setting value
Application scenarios: Flow control valves in refineries, pressure regulating valves in pharmaceutical factories.
Technology comparison: EN vs. IEC/ISA standards
Dimensions
EN Standard System
IEC/ISA Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Driver Interface
EN ISO 5211 (F series interface, torque classification)
IEC 60534-6 (similar interface, no torque classification)
EN provides quantified torque capacity, which makes selection more accurate, but requires additional design verification.
Pneumatic Actuators
EN 15714-1 (100,000 cycle life test)
ISA 75.10 (50,000 cycles)
EN has higher reliability requirements, but the actuator cost increases by 20%.
Electric Actuator
EN 15714-2 (mandatory IP67 waterproof)
IEC 60534-8 (IP65 recommended)
EN is suitable for wet/outdoor scenarios (such as offshore platforms), and IEC is suitable for general industry.
Control Valve Performance
EN 60534(Step response overshoot ≤5%)
ISA 75.25 (overshoot ≤ 10%)
EN has higher control accuracy, but has stricter requirements on the dynamic response of the actuator.
Maintenance and Renovation Standards
Standardize the maintenance and modification process of valves and related piping systems to ensure the integrity, safety and service life of the repaired equipment
Standard No.
Standard Name
Maintenance technical requirements
EN 13480
Pipeline system renovation
Preheating temperature control for online maintenance welding
EN 12952
Boiler Valve Repair
Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Temperature Profile Verification
EN 13445
Pressure vessel supporting valve
The hydraulic test pressure coefficient after modification is 1.33×MAWP
EN 10253
Welding repair process
Defect grinding depth ≤ 20% wall thickness repair allowable range
Economic value: Valves repaired according to EN 13480 can extend their service life by 15 years (annual NDT inspection required)
EN 13480 “Repair and replacement of metal industrial pipes”
Core Areas:
Maintenance process requirements:
Maintenance items
Technical requirements
Applicable scenarios
Partial pipe replacement
The new pipe material is chemically compatible with the old pipe (EN 10027-1)
Corroded pipes (thickness loss ≥ 20%)
Welding repair
Procedure qualification according to EN ISO 15614, Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
High temperature steam pipe crack repair
Testing and verification:
The replacement section needs to be 100% RT (EN 1435) or PT/MT (EN 1291) tested, with crack defects ≤ 5mm.
EN 12952 “Maintenance of water tube boilers and auxiliary equipment”
Key Requirements:
Boiler Valve Repair:
Project
Maintenance standards
Acceptance indicators
Safety valve repair
The roughness of the sealing surface after grinding is Ra≤0.4μm
Trigger pressure deviation ≤±2%
Welding boiler pipes
Preheating temperature ≥150℃, interlayer temperature ≤300℃
Weld impact energy ≥ 27J (20℃)
NDT Testing：
Repaired area 100% UT (EN 1714) + RT (EN 1435), slag inclusion length ≤ 3mm.
EN 13445《Maintenance of non-flame contact pressure vessels》
Core Specifications:
Pressure vessel valve modification:
Renovation Type
Technical requirements
Acceptance Criteria
Safety valve upgrade
Pressure relief capacity ≥ 115% of original design
Tested according to EN ISO 4126-1
Sealing surface relining
Lining material temperature resistance ≥ design temperature + 50℃
Helium leak rate ≤10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s
Impact test exemptions:
When the material has not changed and the service temperature is ≥-10℃, the -20℃ impact test can be exempted (risk assessment report is required).
EN 10253 “Maintenance requirements for butt-welded pipe joints”
Core content:
Welding damaged joints:
Repair method
Process requirements
Applicable defect types
Grinding and repair
Wall thickness loss ≤10% of original thickness, smooth transition (slope 1:4)
Surface pores and scratches
Repair welding
Preheating temperature ≥ 100℃, weld NDT inspection (UT+RT)
Internal cracks (depth ≥ 2mm)
Alternative fitting grades:
Grade
Testing requirements
Applicable pressure (PN)
ࠦA
Visual inspection
PN10~PN16
ࠦD
100% RT+UT
PN63~PN100
Technical comparison: EN vs. ASME/API repair standards
Dimensions
EN Standard System
ASME/API Standards
Key Differences and Impacts
Welding process
EN 13480 (Mandatory PWHT, preheating ≥ 150°C)
ASME B31.3(Partial exemption of PWHT is allowed)
The EN process is more stringent and reduces residual stress, but the working hours increase by 30%.
NDT coverage
EN 12952 (Repair area 100% RT+UT)
API 570(RT sampling ≥20%)
EN testing costs 50% higher, but the defect detection rate increases by 40%.
Impact test exemption
EN 13445 (Exemption from risk assessment of working conditions)
ASME VIII-1 (Mandatory impact test)
EN is more flexible, while ASME procedures are more conservative.
Weld repair
EN 10253 (wall thickness loss ≤ 10% can be ground)
ASME B31.1 (repair is allowed if the wall thickness loss is ≤5%)
EN allows a wider range of repairs, while ASME has stricter requirements.
Environmental protection and energy efficiency standards
Reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution of valves and related equipment to meet the European Green Deal and carbon reduction targets.
Standard No.
Standard Name
Green technology requirements
EN 16247
Valve Energy Efficiency Assessment
Relationship model between pressure loss coefficient Kv value and system energy consumption
Design specification for double stuffing box for benzene medium
EN 14015
Tank breathing valve
Structural design requirements for VOC recovery efficiency ≥ 95%
Certification linkage: Passing EN 14394 can simultaneously obtain ISO 15848-1 certification
EN 16247 Energy Audit
Core Requirements:
Energy efficiency evaluation indicators:
밸브 유형
Unit energy consumption (kWh/year·DN)
Optimization target (%)
Control valve
≤1500
Reduce by 15%~30%
Stop valve
≤800
Reduce by 10%~20%
Audit Process:
Data Collection: Continuously monitor valve pressure drop, leakage rate, and drive energy consumption (at least 30 days).
Improvement plan: adopt low resistance design and intelligent control algorithm (such as PID optimization).
Industry applications: Energy-saving transformation of steam system valves in chemical plants, and optimization of pump-valve linkage in water treatment plants.
EN 14394 “Emission Control for Actuated Valves in Internal Combustion Engines”
Key Specifications:
Emission limit values:
Pollutants
Limit value (g/kWh)
Test conditions (ISO 8178)
Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
≤3.5
Full load cycle
Particulate matter (PM)
≤0.1
Steady state
Technical measures:
After-treatment system: SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) or DPF (Particulate Filter).
Fuel Optimization: Use of biodiesel (EN 14214 standard).
Typical applications: Mobile hydraulic valve power units (e.g. port loading and unloading equipment).
EN 45544 “Control of Air Pollutants in the Workplace”
In an environment where global industrial standards are becoming increasingly stringent, JH Valve Manufacturing has always taken EN standards as its cornerstone, transforming rigorous compliance into core competitiveness – from EN 10204 certified materials to EN 14394 low-carbon emission designs, each valve carries the ultimate pursuit of safety and energy efficiency. We are well aware that standards are not only the bottom line, but also the starting point of innovation: by integrating the EN framework with the independently developed JH+ technology system, we have overcome the problem of ultra-low temperature sealing, achieved intelligent leakage warning, and redefined the industry’s sustainable benchmark with recycling and remanufacturing technology. In the future, JH will continue to use “standards as the boat and innovation as the paddle” to move forward in the global fluid control field and provide partners with better and more efficient solutions – because excellence never stops with standards.
