{"id":19368,"date":"2025-04-27T06:37:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-27T06:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/janhenvalve.com\/?p=19368"},"modified":"2025-07-07T04:00:27","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T04:00:27","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-iso-api-en","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/janhenvalve.com\/ar\/valve-standards-iso-api-en\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a: ISO \u0648 API \u0648 EN - \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626.<\/b><\/h1>\n
<\/p>\n
![\"\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631](\"https:\/\/janhenvalve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/WechatIMG24.png\")
In 2019, the purchasing department of a Brazilian refinery made a mistake worth “4.2 million US dollars” – they installed API standard valves into the pipeline system designed according to EN standards. The result? The flange burst on the day of production, and the black gold crude oil sprayed into an “artificial fountain”. The German supervisor said: “You use American wrenches to tighten European screws, it’s strange that it doesn’t break!”<\/span><\/p>\n\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 "\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629".\u201c<\/b><\/p>\n\n- API Standards say: “It’s OK if it works. If it can’t withstand the pressure, I lose”<\/span><\/li>\n
- The EN standard says: “I want German precision products that will not break down for 30 years. One day less will be considered a quality accident.”<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO) \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639: "\u0643\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629".\u201c<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/b><\/p>\n\n- 62% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/span><\/li>\n
- EN standard valves have a 37% lower after-sales claim rate than API (2023 Lloyd’s Insurance Report)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The problem of that refinery is that API valves have entered the territory of EU design, just like Sichuan chefs adding peppercorns to French food – the standards of the two sides are not on the same channel at all. Therefore, the standards are the legal provisions of the technical world, and the buyers are the judges. If the judgment is wrong, at the least, you will lose money and orders, or at worst, you will be blacklisted in the industry.<\/span><\/p>\nISO\u060c API\u060c EN - \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/h1>\n
![\"\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645](\"https:\/\/janhenvalve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/WechatIMG33.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 1: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0643<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0628\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN 12516 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u00d7 2.0 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 API 6D \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u00d7 1.5 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| ISO<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 ISO 4126<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u00d7 1.2 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n The EN standard is like an “obsessive-compulsive engineer” that even models and calculates the stress concentration at the edge of the bolt hole; the API standard is like a “field doctor” that only cares about whether the valve can withstand the instantaneous impact of a blowout; the ISO standard is like an “actuary” that finds a balance between risk and cost.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a 2: <\/b>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0636\u063a\u0637<\/span><\/td>\n | 2.0 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u00d7 5 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 + 3 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u2190 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637)<\/span><\/td>\n | 1.5 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u00d7 3 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 + \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 (API 598)<\/span><\/td>\n | 1.5 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u00d7 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 ISO 5208 \u0641\u0642\u0637)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 760 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 + \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f (EN ISO 10497)<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 760 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (API 607)<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 10497 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 API)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0639\u0645\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n | 10000 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 (EN 593)<\/span><\/td>\n | 2000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 + \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a (API 6D)<\/span><\/td>\n | 1000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 ISO 15848)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n In terms of violence index, API fire test requires valves to “work silently” in a fierce fire, while EN standard is even more stringent, spraying cold water immediately after the valve is red hot to simulate the impact of a fire hose (thermal expansion and contraction effects directly test the limits of materials), while ISO is a “Buddhist examiner” who only tests the pressure to a certain extent. Fire protection? Just voluntarily take the make-up test.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u200b\u200b\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 EN \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 API:<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a EN \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 62% \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a API \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 T\u00dcV Rheinland 2023).<\/span><\/li>\n- \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a:<\/span>
\n<\/span>\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 EN 593 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a $18000\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 6 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ISO 15848<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a 3: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631 + \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | EN 10204 3.2 (\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b)<\/span><\/td>\n | API 20E (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f)<\/span><\/td>\n | ISO 10474 (\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 API \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/b><\/p>\n\n- \u200b\u200bEN standards\u200b\u200bare as strict as forensic autopsies – you must submit the steel smelting furnace number (EN 10204 3.2 certificate), the signature of the operator of each process (EN 1090-2), and even the cooling curve record of the bolt heat treatment.<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u200b\u200bAPI standards\u200b\u200b are like physical fitness tests – as long as they can withstand 30 minutes of intense fire (API 607) and instantaneous high-pressure shock (API 6FA), they can turn a blind eye to missing items in the material resume.<\/span><\/li>\n
- The ISO standard is the simplest security check – if the material book is complete and the pressure test is passed (ISO 5208), the valve can be labeled “internationally certified”.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/b>: \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u2192 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 API \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u2192 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/b>: \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a EN \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u2192 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 API \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u2192 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 ISO \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/b>: \u063a\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0645\u062a EN \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u2192 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a API \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u2192 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a ISO \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 API \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | EN 1626: \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635 -269 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | API 622: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f -196 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a ISO 21011 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 EN 12569 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 API 602<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 ISO 17292<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 REACH \u0641\u064a 16 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 NACE MR0175<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO 15848 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f -269 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629).<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0626\u0631 API 6A \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 100 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a NB<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 API Q1<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 ISO 9001 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0623\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f:<\/span><\/p>\n\n- An Indian foundry tried to replace cheaper steel grades for EN valves, but was caught by T\u00dcV auditors from the steelmaking furnace sensor data – EN supply chain monitoring is comparable to FBI investigations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 PED)<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a)<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 + \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 + \u062e\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n The legal teeth of the EN standard are hidden in the PED directive – corporate executives may face EU criminal charges for falsifying CE certification; while API violations are at most commercial disputes, ISO violations are difficult to even file a lawsuit.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 10)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n| \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 (ISO)<\/b><\/td>\n | \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 (\u0645\u0646 10)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/b><\/td>\n | 9.2<\/span><\/td>\n | 8.5<\/span><\/td>\n | 6.0<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/td>\n | 8.8<\/span><\/td>\n | 9.5<\/span><\/td>\n | 7.0<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642\/\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/b><\/td>\n | 9.0<\/span><\/td>\n | 8.2<\/span><\/td>\n | 6.5<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/b><\/td>\n | 9.5<\/span><\/td>\n | 7.8<\/span><\/td>\n | 5.0<\/span><\/td>\n | \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\/\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n| \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/b><\/td>\n | 10.0<\/span><\/td>\n | 7.0<\/span><\/td>\n | 4.0<\/span><\/td>\n | \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u0625\u0646 EN \u0637\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (API) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ISO \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 (10%) + \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 (8%) + \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (20%) + \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (25%) + \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (12%) + \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 (25%)<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 (25%) + \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 (30%) + \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (12%) + \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (15%) + \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (10%) + \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 (8%)<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627:<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 (5%) + \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 (10%) + \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (25%) + \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (15%) + \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (35%) + \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 (10%)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637)<\/b><\/p>\n\n- \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n- \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f + \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 + \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 = 70%: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 EN<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0647\u064a 8% \u0641\u0642\u0637: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062b\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 + \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 = 55%: \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 API<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 12%: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\n- \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\n- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f + \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f = 60%: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a 15%: \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
(\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0646)<\/b><\/p>\n \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u2190 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 25%\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 20%<\/span><\/p>\n\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u2190 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 20%\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 10%<\/span><\/p>\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u061b \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 EN\/API (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025<\/b><\/h1>\n![\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647](\"https:\/\/janhenvalve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/WechatIMG30.jpg\") <\/p>\n
EN Empire Expansion: 70% of ISO standards will be “EU-ized”\u200b\u200b<\/b><\/h3>\n\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/b><\/p>\n\n- 2024: \u0633\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 EN ISO 10497 (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642) \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 10497 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/span><\/li>\n
- 2025: \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0629 EN 1092 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ISO 7005\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 ISO \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 40%).<\/span><\/li>\n
- \u200b\u200b2030 Goal\u200b\u200b: The EU plans to export EN standards as the global valve “basic standard”, and other standards are regarded as “additional options”<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |